Mosses and liverworts

Mosses and liverworts are the oldest land plants. They have a stem and structures resembling leaves and roots. Unlike other land plants, they lack a vascular system (a special tissue to transport water and nutrients).

Ferns and horsetails

Ferns and horsetails have distinct stems, leaves, and roots. They are the oldest vascular plants. This means that, unlike mosses and liverworts, they do have a vascular system that transports water and nutrients through their bodies.